The term refers to a collection of large mammal species native to the African continent, historically and presently valued for a variety of reasons including hunting, tourism, and ecological significance. These animals represent a significant component of Africa’s biodiversity and are characterized by their size and often their perceived danger to humans. Examples include the African elephant, rhinoceros, lion, leopard, and Cape buffalo.
These iconic creatures play a crucial role in maintaining the health and balance of African ecosystems. They influence vegetation patterns through grazing and browsing, contribute to nutrient cycling, and support complex food webs. Furthermore, their presence is a major draw for tourism, generating substantial revenue for local communities and national economies. Historically, these animals were central to indigenous cultures, featuring in folklore, art, and traditional practices. Their presence also shaped colonial history, driving exploration and resource exploitation.